Chemotherapy

Always Already

In my graduate school Critical Theory course, I learned the phrase “always already.” This phrase shows up in different contexts in literary criticism and philosophy (Derrida, Althusser, Heidegger, and others all used it slightly differently), but generally it means the same thing: something, whatever that thing is, has always been the case; it was already the case when we thought we discovered that thing. In other words, most “things” – usually ideas – don’t have a discernible beginning.

This is how I feel about my life and cancer. For me, cancer had “already” been the case when I was born with a BRCA2 mutation because it was “already” in my family DNA; cancer was “always” the case for me even before I was diagnosed with it (note that there is not a 100% chance of a cancer diagnosis with a BRCA mutation – but it is very likely). And because I have a BRCA mutation – a predisposition to cancer that has already occurred twice – I often feel like cancer will “always” be the case for me. This is not to say that I will “always” actively have cancer – I do not have cancer right now, to my knowledge, but its possibility is “always already” there for me.

I have two appointments coming up, both of which are surveillance scans to ensure I do not have cancer. One is a full body skin check to look for melanoma in August, and tomorrow I have an endoscopy to look for pancreatic cancer. Neither of these is awful to go through; endoscopy does require light anesthesia, but I actually look forward to a lazy day sleeping it off. The awful part is waiting – if the dermatologist or gastroenterologist see something that needs to be biopsied, I’ll have to wait to learn if cancer has come back. That’s stressful, yet these are a regular part of my annual routine (although I confess it’s been a way too long since I’ve had the skin check) – surveillance is always a part of my life, whether it’s my every-six-month oncology check-up or a diagnostic scan, which I seem to need at least once a year for some kind of body anomaly (such as the lung CT I had in March to determine the cause of my cough accompanied by back pain – it was nothing). But, to be honest, I feel like I am always waiting for cancer to come back, as if it’s already there.

A few months ago, I decided to start watching Grey’s Anatomy – there are something like 25 seasons of this show, and I suppose I felt like I needed a mindless summer project that didn’t involve doom scrolling. I’m on Season Six right now, which means (spoilers ahead), Dr. Stevens is going through cancer treatment. There is a scene in an episode where she has just had an immunotherapy treatment. She has tons of energy, is bouncing around the room, making plans, excitedly chatting with friends, and then…. she is the opposite of that. She is in bed, barely able to move her mouth to form words, every bone and muscle limp. I remember that feeling. I remembered it so physically in my body that I noticed my own jaw had gone slack and my breaths were short – I felt that kind of struggle in my lungs you feel when you’ve swallowed too much chlorinated pool water. I became so limp that my iPad slipped from my knees where it had been resting. I was stunned by how close that feeling was – as if it were already there in my body, waiting.

Cancer was already a part of my life before I was diagnosed with it, even before I knew I had a BCRA2 mutation. I’ve gone through my family history in multiple posts here. My paternal grandfather’s mother and both of his sisters died from cancer when I was young, and then my grandfather died from cancer when I was in my 20s. My paternal grandmother had several melanomas removed. Three of my father’s first cousins have gone through cancer treatment, and his brother died from pancreatic cancer. My mother’s step-mother went through breast cancer treatment as did my mother’s aunt; I was not biologically related to either of these women, but they were family nonetheless.

Most of my life has been experienced between cancer diagnoses, either those I love or my own. The idea of cancer never intruded on my life until I learned of my BRCA mutation, but cancer was always already there – it was in my DNA. It was in my family. And then it was in my breasts. And in my thoughts…. constantly. There is not a day that goes by that cancer doesn’t somehow come to my mind. It doesn’t typically get in the way – I still live my life as a mom, a wife, a daughter, a friend, a professor, a writer. I do all these things, usually with positivity and joy. Still, I cannot escape it.

My body has physical scars from mastectomies that I see daily when I change clothes, and mental scars that apparently manifest when I watch medical shows, as well as every time I make or go to an appointment for surveillance. I think about it when I take my arimidex pill each day, and when I brush my hair and remember that I was bald. Maybe this is about time – it’s been six years (and one month) since my second diagnosis, which I suppose isn’t all that long ago. Maybe in time, I’ll think about cancer less. Maybe I’ll need less surveillance. Maybe I won’t need the pills anymore. My scars will continue to fade.

But I know, no matter what, cancer will always already be there.

In which I do some craaaaaazzzzy math

The HER2 was tested again, this time using FISH, which is considered to be more accurate and more conclusive. Now I know that my HER2 is negative. Supposedly this is good:

Cancer cells that are HER2 negative may grow more slowly and are less likely to recur (come back) or spread to other parts of the body (NIH).

Unfortunately, I also found this bit of info with the help of my good buddy, the internet:

Most patients with metastatic breast cancer have HER2-negative breast cancer. (ASCO)

Screen Shot 2019-06-27 at 2.09.47 PM

Luckily, I took Symbolic Logic in college, so I know that “most patients with metastatic breast cancer have HER2-negative breast cancer” does NOT = “most HER2-negative breast cancer is metastatic” (just like “all girls with brown hair like ice cream” does not mean that “all girls who like ice cream have brown hair,” which seemed to be a common example in that class.) Nonetheless, I’m not liking the fact that the “m” word came up in my research on HER2-negative cancer.  But let’s carry on.

As I continue my quest to predict my staging and treatment before I meet with my doctor on July 8 (as constructive a hobby I’ve ever had), I came across information about Oncotype DX.  Knowing an Oncotype score can help predict the chance of metastasis as well as how best treat a cancer and if chemotherapy is likely to be of benefit, especially in ER+ cancers (hey, my cancer is ER+!).

I didn’t see this score mentioned in any of my pathology or imaging results, so I emailed Dr. McAuliffe to find out if the test had been done and what my score was. She replied that we would discuss this on July 8th. Figure it out myself before July 8th? Challenge accepted!

Interestingly, I found this article in which oncologists from my own hospital system, two whom I saw in 2012/13 in “Bryna takes her Breasts Off ” (not a porno) developed three ways to calculate an oncotype score without doing the actual genetic testing. It’s unclear to me why this would be preferable (my guess is cost, since it seems like not all insurance covers Oncotype testing). Of the three calculations that can be used, they say that one of them is the most accurate. It looks like this:

Magee equation 2: Recurrence score=18.8042+Nottingham score*2.34123+ERIHC*(−0.03749)+PRIHC*(−0.03065)+(0 for HER2 negative, 1.82921 for equivocal, 11.51378 for HER2 positive)+tumor size*0.04267.

I bet you’re thinking, “there’s no way a woman with four degrees in English will be able to do that equation,” especially if you’re my husband, but you would be wrong. Using my pathology reports, I figured out the corresponding information needed for each piece of the equation (Nottingham = 2; ERIHC = 260; PRIHC = 150; HER2neg = 0; Tumor Size = 2.4). I used Excel to do the math, and voila, Oncotype Dx = 9.249368. Less than 26 is considered low:

Recurrence Score of 0-15: The cancer has a low risk of recurrence. The benefits of chemotherapy likely will not outweigh the risks of side effects. (breastcancer.org)

According to the Magee researchers, when the score is very low or very high, we can expect the Oncotype score to be similar. So, if I did this math correctly, then my guess is that my Oncotype DX is on the low side.

Okey dokey, so here’s what we’re looking at in total so far:

 

Cancer Feature Result My assessment of what it means
Estrogen Receptor Positive: 260 Good
Progesterone Receptor Positive: 150 Good
HER2 Negative Good?
Tumor Size 2+ centimeters ??
Ki-67 High, 40% Bad
Oncotype DX score 9.2 Good
Grade High Grade (3) Bad
Metastasis ??? ???
Lymph Node Involvement ??? ???

For bonus points, I also made this table here using HTML because WordPress does not include a table maker as part of its visual text options. Come on WordPress – I’m self-diagnosing cancer here – can’t you throw me a bone with a table maker?